education Essay -- essays research papers

Learning is the act or experience of one that learns knowledge or skill acquired by instruction or study, modification of a behavioral tendency by experience (as exposure to conditioning). Education is one of the most important tools that a society possesses. The right implementation of this tool is one of the superlative ways of assuring the quality of emotional state within a society. The ability to better ourselves, is one of the strongest inherit abilities of the human race. Without the consistent development of the human race, life would be nothing to a greater extent than survival. At its most basic level of definition, education is nothing more than the teaching of ideas. The early stages of schooling instill more attitude and social skills than knowledge. The younger stages of a persons life are usually the most definable years of their lives. As the age and skill level of the scholar increases, more education is based upon the interest of the student.Education has its d ownfalls. Students are only taught what society sees fit to teach them. This ideology has an astound effect when used as controlling propaganda. If a society doesnt want students to learn about a certain period of history, then it is not taught. Children might hear stories or tales from elders, scarcely the majority is left in ignorance. In the United States, education is a tool to succeed in life. The quality of education that a student receives depends upon legion(predicate) issues. One of the biggest differences in education is between publi...

Relationship Education at the Secondary Level Essay -- Teaching Teache

Relationship Education at the Secondary Level The process of command begins from the day we atomic number 18 born until the day we pass on from this earth. When in this evolution and sophistication of education, however, are we taught to think for ourselves and develop our own ideas about the public? Although we are nurtured to make life decisions on a daily basis, the relationship between the college, university, and society is where core competencies are molded to help drive us toward the desired master copy roads to be taken. At the very onset of entering college, teachers and professors teach us how to think in logical ways for ourselves, or else than automatically follow the required scripted lessons to be learned. We are taught to find fallacies in arguments such as David Thomas The Mind of Man. He regards males as Specifically, boys are to be blamed for their own disadvantages.(121) The rest of this article keeps this same consistency through to the end. He describes fe males as much higher and knowledgeable persons and all males are just a subspecies that cannot do anything right. Another author, bell hooks, sees the world in a completely different light in her article family and Education. As a professor, she gave everyone equal treatment. It did not matter if you were male or female, white or black you were treated as an equal. The colleges, universities and independent institutes for specialized professional pursuits, are keys to opening doors for our future positions in society. These institutions Grabow 2 of secondary education are devoted to transferring current technology and information to equip the latest times in society with the mandatory skill sets necessary to take a position in todays professional world. Col... ...st by driving their students toward logical assessments for their professional pursuits by integrating learned information from the world and the classroom. Works CitedBrooks, Gwendolyn. We Real Cool. Presence of Others. Andrea Lunsford, lav Ruszkiewicz. capital of Massachusetts Bedford/ St. Martins 1991, 133. hooks, bell.Keeping Close to Home Class and Education. Presence of Others. Andrea Lunsford, John Ruszkiewicz. Boston Bedford/ St. Martins 1989, 93-103. Rose, Mike.Lives on the Boundary. Presence of Others Andrea Lunsford, John Ruszkiewicz. Boston Bedford/ St. Martins 1989, 105-118. Spayed, John. Learning in the Key of Life. Presence of Others. Andrea Lunsford, John Ruszkiewicz. Boston Bedford/ St. Martins 1998, 58-63. Thomas, David. The Mind of Man. Presence of Others. Andrea Lunsford, John Ruszkiewicz. Boston Bedford/ St. Martins 1993, 120-124.

Social Constructs :: Sociology

Social Construct influences the extent in which we are well-preserved and strong-armly active. It determines how we use wellness services, recreational facilities and sporting opportunities to our benefits. It also guides our response to health and physical activity challenges and how an psyche views health as a accessible construct.The advantages of viewing health of an individual through social constructs have many reasons. Some being that it supports principles of diversity and social justice. Australia is diverse in terms of multiculturalism, socio-economic office and geographic location. Socio-economic status relates how much the individuals income is, their employment status, car/home ownership or their knowledge about health. Being geographically isolated means not having access to available health services. It is taken into account so that the individual has a sense of belonging and empowerment to improve their health. The individual should have a supportive environment so that changes can occur for the better and to ensure the individual develops a sense of ownership for their health.Another advantage would be that is recognises the interrelationships in the midst of socio-cultural and environmental factors that influence social constructs. Many cultural and environmental factors impact and influence in individual?s health. Some of these may include, the climatic conditions, physical environment which influences the health of the individual and what society and culture expects of them. Climatic conditions can have a big impact of an individual?s health because of the fall amount of space to do physical activity. Final advantage is that it challenges the notion that health is solely an individual?s responsibility. For improvements to be made in health, the individual has to take full responsibility and to agree that they are to be blamed for their poor health levels. Through influences of social constructs the individual should make informed dec isions regarding their health and should be more motivated to facilitate change.

Don Juan Ponce De Leon :: essays research papers

Spanish 10th essay pander De LeonDon Juan pandar de Leon &quotTo ruinous he had to kick the bucket&quot&9Don Juan Ponce de Leon was a Spanish conqueror and explorer. He was born around 1460 in San Tervas de Campos, Spain. Ponce de Leon lived during an age of great disc overy and excitement. Ponce de Leon is well known, claiming and naming what is now Florida, the discovery of Puerto Rico, and his never-ending essay for the old time classic, the Fountain of early daysOn November 19, 1493 Ponce de Leon was one of the first Europeans to see the small island of Borinquen, the Indian name for Puerto Rico. Ponce de Leon sailed to Puerto Rico in 1506 with two hundred men to the island and represent out that it had rich gold deposits. He enslaved the natives, and forced them to mine gold for him. Ponce de Leon left Puerto Rico and returned again in 1508 this time he brought with him solitary(prenominal) fifty men. On this voyage his ship went through a terrible storm that cau sed him to run onto the rocks on two occasions. The crew was forced to throw over much of their supplies in order to keep the ship from sinking. After Ponce de Leon finally arrived in Puerto Rico he became the governor of the island. This caused him to become very wealthy, and the virtually powerful man on the island, who only received orders from the kind himselfIn 1511 King Ferdinand ordered Ponce de Leon replaced as governor by Diego Columbus. Life for Ponce de Leon would have been difficult if he stayed in Puerto Rico since much of his power over the island was taken when his rank was taken away. It was at this time that Ponce de Leon began his search for the Fountain of Youth. Many historians feel it was not only to discover the LENGENDARY waters, but also for the gold and silver that was supposed to be at the sight of the fountain. Ponce de Leon explored many regional islands in his search for the Fountain of Youth, including the Bahamas and Bimini.It was during Ponce de Leon s search for the Fountain of Youth that he came to a land that he eventually named, La Florida or "land of flowers". He made two visits to this new land. On his first visit the native inhabitants were friendly to Ponce de Leon and his men.

Claudio Monteverdi :: Composers Renaissance Biographies Essays

Claudio Monteverdi Claudio Monteverdi was born on May 15, 1567, in Cremona Italy, Monteverdi was an Italian composer of the late Renaissance and the Early Baroque, and is known as the first great composer of the operas. Monteverdi is often view as a composer of the Renaissance and of the Baroque, there is a similar pattern in that is continuous that is often viewed through his work in both styles. Monteverdi often was known as a dramatic composer, while bringing a tremendous meaning from the text he set that often turned each of his pieces into a believable musical and also produced a dramatic statement.It was an early age when Monteverdis career began, he and so published his first pieces, and this was based on as a collection of three-voice motets, at the age of fifteen. It was by 1591, when he went to Mantua as a histrion for the Gonzaga court, by then he had already published books of spiritual madrigals in 1583, then another canzonettas in 1584, by 1587 and 1590 he published his first cardinal books of madrigals. It was in Mantua he continued writing madrigals, and then in 1607 he produced his first work in the new genre of opera, the setting was of Orfeo. 1613, he was then appointed maestro di cappella at ST. Marks Cathedral which was held in Venice. Monteverdi had remained in Venice for the rest of his life, writing music in all different kinds of genres, including his final opera, incoronaszione di Poppea in 1642.The style that Monteverdi intended to write in was called seconda prattica, this was a description that he used to separate himself for what was known as the more conservative impost of Palestrina and his Contemporaries. The main starting point for Monteverdi was the always the vocalises. Whatever his mood was at the time and what the words might suggest, and or whatever a one word needed to express, was mainly reflected on his music. Throughout the century, this was the basic idea of word content this painting was used in madrigals thro ugh out the century. Due to the event that his music expressed different moods of styles, for Monteverdi it was however isolated effect, and a guiding force. This ideal permeated his madrigals and found new expression in the dramatic language or opera. All Monteverdis techniques of work altogether made Monteverdi one of the expertise in the field of Western music.

Claudio Monteverdi :: Composers Renaissance Biographies Essays

Claudio Monteverdi Claudio Monteverdi was born on May 15, 1567, in Cremona Italy, Monteverdi was an Italian composer of the late Renaissance and the Early Baroque, and is known as the archetypical great composer of the operas. Monteverdi is often view as a composer of the Renaissance and of the Baroque, there is a similar pattern in that is continuous that is often viewed through his hit in both styles. Monteverdi often was known as a dramatic composer, while bringing a tremendous meaning from the text he redact that often turned each of his pieces into a believable medicamental and also produced a dramatic statement.It was an early age when Monteverdis career began, he accordingly published his first pieces, and this was based on as a collection of three-voice motets, at the age of fifteen. It was by 1591, when he went to Mantua as a musician for the Gonzaga court, by then he had already published books of spiritual madrigals in 1583, then another canzonettas in 1584, by 1587 a nd 1590 he published his first two books of madrigals. It was in Mantua he continued writing madrigals, and then in 1607 he produced his first work in the new genre of opera, the setting was of Orfeo. 1613, he was then appointive maestro di cappella at ST. Marks Cathedral which was held in Venice. Monteverdi had re primary(prenominal)ed in Venice for the rest of his life, writing music in all different kinds of genres, including his final opera, incoronaszione di Poppea in 1642.The style that Monteverdi intended to write in was called seconda prattica, this was a description that he used to separate himself for what was known as the more conservative tradition of Palestrina and his Contemporaries. The main starting point for Monteverdi was the always the words. Whatever his mood was at the time and what the words might suggest, and or whatever a one word needful to express, was mainly reflected on his music. Throughout the century, this was the basic idea of word content this pain ting was used in madrigals through out the century. Due to the fact that his music expressed different moods of styles, for Monteverdi it was however isolated effect, and a guiding force. This ideal permeated his madrigals and found new expression in the dramatic language or opera. wholly Monteverdis techniques of work altogether made Monteverdi one of the expertise in the field of Western music.

Chalk Dust, Cinnamon Spice and Coffee Ground as Insect Repellants Essay

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDYThere ar several household problems we and our helpers encounter at home. These whitethorn be issues regarding food supply and storage, cleanliness and sanitation. One of the most common problems is the presence of household ants, especially the red ones, causing a disturbance in our give birth system of food storage. Red household ants do not only infest stored food in the kitchen but also bite our skin and demolish well- landscaped gardens by building ant hills. Because of this observation, we decided on conducting a study that would eliminate ants with the use of alternative substances that can also be lay out at home. With this study, we will not only produce other uses and benefits of household waste products but also provide new ways of promoting clean and sanitize homes by eliminating biting louses. Once proven effective, chalk disseminate which is one waste product in the classroom, will also be of good use at home.OBJECTIVEThe study aims to find more possible uses of household waste products aside from remaining as garbage such as coffee berry founds, and discover further and effective use of chalk dust. Also, we aim to eliminate household insect especially ants that would cause a nuisance in our kitchen.DEFINITION OF basisTalcum Powder- an ingredient in both chalk and baby powder, and is a natural ant repellant. Brewed deep br birth- coffee produced from a process with the use of coffee maker wherein hot water drips onto coffee grounds held in a coffee filter made of paper, plastic, or perforated metal, allowing the water to seep through the ground coffee while extracting its oils and essences. The liquid drips through the coffee and the filter into a carafe or pot, and the spent grounds are retained in the filter. Coffee ground- is the used bitter powdered coffee that remains in a pot or coffee-maker after brewing yourcoffee.HYPOTHESIS All three substances time-tested will give significant results in repelling ants .VARIABLESINDEPENDENT CONTROLLED* 50 grams of coffee ground * 50 grams of cinnamon spice * 50 grams of chalk dust * Similar area where the three experiments will be conducted, same length * The same ant pathway where the substances will be placed * 1-3 tbsp. of sugar Resulting variant Time it call fors for the ants to move away from the repellantsCHAPTER IIRELATED LITERATUREAnt and Its SymbolismChinese consider and identified ant as the righteous insect and attribute orderliness, virtue and patriotism. On the other hand, Muslims consider the ant as the earthly teacher of Solomon and an embodiment of wisdom. (Retrieved from http//sherryandrea.com/ant-symbolism-and-meaning/)http//www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1570-ant-in-jewish-literature-theIn the Old Testament, the Ant is referred to as round harvesting species which are to this day found in Syria and all around the Mediterranean basin. These species wherever they are found, as the latest investigations of naturalists have proved, lay up stores for the winter. In the Tamuldic Literature, The ant was mentioned being experimented by Simon ben Halafta to ascertain whether they inhabit without a ruler. Also, it was mentioned that ants procure food. There were also statements in the Book of Proverbs where it is pointed out that the wisdom of the causality is manifested in the fitness of the body and wonderful life of the Ant.From a purely scientific point of view, the Ant is treated by Gershon benSolomon, in his work, Shaar ha-Shamayim. The Ant, he says, gathers its wheat in the harvest, biting off the germs of the grains in order to prevent them from sprouting and thus preserving them from rotting- a fact verified by recent observation. The Ant, he says further, is proportionately the strongest of all creatures, being able to carry from two to four times its own weight. Moreover, it can move both ways, forward and backward.History of create from raw material CoffeeIn the early history of coffee, the cof fee beans were dried and eaten. By the 16th century, coffee was roasted before being ground and boiled in water. The entire resulting mixture of liquid and grounds would be consumed. The invention of the Ibrik (A small pot used in brewing and serving Turkish coffee that was invented in the late 16th century.) allowed for a more skillful technique of brewing. In the 18th century, the French developed the drip brewing technique wherein coffee is produced by using a cloth bag as a filter to separate grounds from the liquid coffee. This technique allowed for steeping the coffee at a visit temperature as it was not brewed while constantly adding heat. (Retrieved from http//coffee.wikia.com/wiki/Brewing)Chalk in Prehistoric TimesAs found in nature, chalk has been used for drawing since past times, when, according to archaeologists, it helped to create some of the earliest cave drawings. Later, artists of different countries and styles used chalk mainly for sketches, and some such drawin gs, protected with shellac or a similar substance, have survived. Chalk was first formed into sticks for the convenience of artists. The method was to grind natural chalk to a fine powder, then add water, stiff as a binder, and various dry colors. The resultant putty was then rolled into cylinders and dried. Although impurities produce natural chalk in many colors, when artists made their own chalk they usually added pigments to render these colors more vivid. Carbon, for example, was used to enhance black, and ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) created a more vivid red.CHAPTER terceMETHODOLOGY1. Gather the variables needed. You can find cinnamon spice in your kitchen. If not, you may use any spice available (e.g. pepper, black pepper, garlic). Collect coffee grounds after brewing coffee with the use of a coffee maker. Collect chalk dust from other classrooms. Mea confident(predicate) the quantity and make sure that each one reaches the same amount- 50 grams. 2. Choose an area at home where you can find an ants pathway and measure its length. This will also be one of the controlled variables in the experiment. 3. Make sure that there are ants present. If none, place a few pinches of sugar or food crumbs to attract the ants. 4. Once the ants are present, choose among the three substances to be placed first along the path and put it evenly making a thin line. 5. Record the time it takes for the ants to relegate the place. 6. Repeat steps three to five with the use of the other two substances and record the results on the Table of Data and Observation below. You may also take pictures during the experiment.

Needs of American Cities for Policing Policy

In analyzing the needs of Ameri netnister cities for policing policy for the future, race has to be considered in the equation. Researchers note that it is not possible to ignore the variable of race when describing the temperament of policing in the United States. This includes private roads to develop a confederation policing concept, and race enters both for policing in the nonage community and for the way policing does or does not use racial profiling so as to antagonize the minority community. In much of America, relations between the natural law and the African-American community drive long been tense.In well-nigh regions, the police are viewed as an occupying army present not to protect the people but to control them and to keep them in their place. Numerous polished disturbances in recent decades can be traced to tensions between the police and the black community, from the riots of the summer of 1965 to the riot in Los Angeles after the first Rodney King verdict, f rom the problems in pinnacle Heights in New York to any number of disputed police shooting incidents in cities across the country.Even without a specific incident to personate off a disturbance, there is frequently an underlying tension between poor black communities and the surrounding society, with the police serving as a symbolic representation of that society The very complex, diffuse, interrelated, but still independent nature of the social, political, and economic institutions within American society, supported by layers and layers of public and private bureaucracies often manipulated by elusive, anonymous power brokers, perpetually frustrate the attempts of Black Americans to modify and re dress societal arrangements in their favor.Therefore, the system is identified as the culprit (Wintersmith, 1974, p. 2). The fact that the police are the most likely target for black hostility and aggression, however, does not mean blacks do not have a real reason to cultism the police or the rallying cry of law and order For Black Americans this slogan connotes oppression, police occupation of Black communities, inequitable and selective police treatment, terminate for human and constitutional rights of Black citizens, and continued denial of equitable opportunity (Wintersmith, 1974, p. ).Community Policing is a program that links the actions of the police with citizen decomposeicipation as part of an overall effort to solve the problems of the community by involving the community, and such an approach can help inform the public and gain public acceptance for the minority hire program a salutary. The community policing model is based on that sort of assumption and on the view that crime has many complex causes and that police departments cannot keep the streets safe by themselves.If crime is to be controlled, police must shit out to other local institutions, and indeed to the broader community at large, and get partnerships. Among the features of such a pro gram are integrated investigations, team and neighborhood instead than a shift and divisional basis for officer deployment, foot patrols, and community service as a focus along with problem-oriented policing instead of mere crime-fighting.Programs of this sort mean a different structure for the police as well as altered functions, allocations of resources, and general attitude. This can be a challenge to traditional police department structures because the traditional method is to respond to citizen demand rather than to try to ascertain the underlying forces creating patterns of problems. The community policing method is proactive rather than responsive. The approach to a fault calls attention to the ground level to which the police are dependent on the public for support, information, and cooperation.A recent study suggests that the benefits of community policing may have been oversold to the public, but there are also indications that community policing needs to be apt(p) time to exert and that the police and the community must become more than than comfortable with one another to create a better atmosphere (Moran & Bucqueroux, 1995, p. 1057). single way for the police to learn more about the neighborhood and the residents is to be residents themselves. Requiring officers to live in the community is seen as a way of enhancing the community policing effort in a variety of ways and of adding to the comfort level on both sides.Police and citizens should see themselves as part of the same community. Informal and episodic contact between police officers and the public occurs at different rates in different communities. Often, members of the public keep their distance from police officers out of disquiet that they will be investigated or somehow drawn into police activity or because of a general distrust of the police American studies show high school social isolation of police officers in comparison with people in other occupations (Guyot, 1991, p. 279) .Some see the police as having isolated themselves intentionally, leaving them on the loose(p) to charges of abusing their authority by coming into neighborhoods in which they have no stake and using their power unwisely. Community policing is seen as a way of reversing this. Wilson and Kelling (1989) note of crime, some crime in most neighborhoods is local the offenders live near their victims (Wilson & Kelling, 1989, p. 46). This makes people in these neighborhoods feel less safe, just as they can be make to feel more safe if police offices live in the neighborhood.The officers need to be comfortable with the victims and to understand the perpetrators, and living in the community they serve. Bringing more minorities into the police department is also often emphasized as a way to reach and include the black community. The proper model for bringing untested hires into the department and for finding more qualified minorities is recruitment rather than hiring. Most departments emph asize hiring, which means that applicants come in on their own and ask to spousal relationship the department, after which they are evaluated.Recruitment involves seeking out qualified applicants and selling the idea and the department to them. This is a practice approach that can be conducted throughout the community, for individuals of all backgrounds, and this also avoids the quota stigma while including more minorities by identifying those who would fit the needs of the department. This still leaves a barrier in the form of the requirements for qualification, which need to be more flexible in order to emphasize training after acceptance rather than having the skills needed before applying.This idea would also extend the reach of the recruiter more deeply into minority groups (Carter & Radelet, 1999, p. 173). The development of a proper plan for implementing recruiting means determining need on several bases, including short-term needs, medium-term needs, and long-term needs. Fo r all, the department needs to develop a marketing plan for recruiting that includes operational, tactical, and strategic objectives (Carter & Radelet, 1999, pp. 174-175).Developing a plan for hiring more minority officers can begin with analyzing what other departments have done to address the same issue, and some of what is found in a survey on the subject includes good recommendations for an approach to take. For instance, an Action Plan passing played by the department in the Canadian city of Brantford includes noting that the minorities already in the department can be a great help in recruiting new minority hires by serving as the face of the department in certain communities.For instance, these officers can be depicted in recruitment materials in the law enforcement reference whenever possible to hike emf female and visible minority candidates. These officers can also be use to give active encouragement for the recruitment of potential candidates. They can also represent the department at high schools, colleges, and universities to attract potential candidates through continued participation in such things as the educatee co-op placement program, anti-vandalism program, and the High School Resource Officer program.These officers can also work with groups in the community representing the community diversity to build relationships and encourage potential candidates, which will also involve sitting on police liaison committees and hosting Citizenship Court (Recruiting Process, 2004). Allen (2003) suggests that the only way to keep police departments focused on minority hiring is by instituting an affirmative action program, but given recent court rulings and public attitudes, that is not a viable solution. Allen does note that keeping up with minority hiring is a problem because what is required always changes, as noted with reference to mesa, ArizonaThe minority population is slowly yet steadily increasing. twain the increase in population and chan ges in ethnic demographics have affected the citys public safety needs and contribute to the departments difficulty in becoming more diverse (Allen, 2003). Among the problems noted for programs to hire more minorities are resistance from within from officers who feel threatened by change, community resistance, suits from those who believe they have been the target of retrogression discrimination, and simple difficulties in finding qualified applicants.Programs useful in police hiring can be adapted to the specific needs of minority hiring. In order to improve the quality of police recruits in general, programs have been set up at the college and university levels in order to recruit better-educated officers. Such programs can be used effectively at traditionally back colleges and universities in order to garner attention and attract minority recruits from that population. Such an approach would also be rouge to bringing in more recruits who would be good candidates for advancement in order to improve the mix in managerial roles.One of the complaints leveled at some departments when they use affirmative action for minority hiring is that the level of recruits goes down, but this would not be the case with recruits attracted from minority colleges. Within the department, a mentor program can be created to empower existing minority officers to give assistance, training, and advice to new recruits, a program that would help all officers and the department as a whole and that would also be especially useful for keeping new minority hires on track so they do not get discouraged and resign, as often happens.The mentors also serve as role models of what advancement brings. Once the department is on it way to a more varied and advanced status, it can offer incentives to minority officers from other departments to transfer. This can be another way of gaining qualified recruits, especially for the management level, as such a move up can be offered as the incentive that attracts them in the first place. They can then serve as mentors to other minority applicants and help expand the reach of the department.Their acquaintance can also be invaluable. Once these programs are in place, they must be maintained in order to keep the department fresh, at a proper level of minority employment, and at a high level of community involvement and service and a high level of overall competence. The degree of change in the department in terms of the makeup of the force will show how well the program is working, just as normal evaluations of the work performance of new hires and old will show that the change is beneficial to the department.This analysis shows that there is a need to consider race first in terms of the community and second in terms of the make-up of the police force. In both cases, this is because race remains a dividing issue and one that is exacerbated by most poling programs. Community policing offers at least the chance of improving the system and reducing both the threat to the community and antipathy from the community.

Career Demand, Salary, and Education

Manufacturing companies employ a lot of mechanical points, but due to the slowdowns economically less jobs harbor shown up in this field. The Bureau of Labor Statistics expects slower-than- median(a) job growth between 2006 and 2016. The mechanical engineering jobs have the most flexible setting since it depose select with just about anything. But you want to be in a place with a lot of manufacturing job opportunities.Entry-level mechanical engineers with a bachelors degrees earn average annual starting salaries of $58,600. In 2012 women earned more in there entry level jobs, but as men with 4 eld of buzz off make $64,880, when women make $63,732. So as this show with more years of experience go on men made more money than women. 80. 2 percent of made as much as the average woman made in 2012 $76,984. Also in addition to experience come forward motion and with forwarding come a greater salary.Education Some universities that offer the programs argon Florida State and Marqu ette. Some advantages of going to these schools are that they have sport teams and they have very(prenominal) petty English requirements, and they have great reputations. Disadvantages of going to the schools is that they are large schools and does not give much help if you are in need of it, also they are both very expensive over 30 thousand a year.At Florida State over 60% of your channels you take are cerebrate to engineering ranging from thermodynamics and thermo fluids to culture the basics of engineering. You also are suggested to take physics along with calculus III. Marquette university is about the same thing they want you to take 70% engineer related course but with the courses they want you to take is a range of materials how stuff works type of engineering. They also want you to take a philosophy course and a lot more electives.Career Demand, Salary, and EducationCareer Demand, Salary, and EducationDemandManufacturing companies employ a lot of mechanical engineers , but due to the slowdowns economically fewer jobs have shown up in this field. The Bureau of Labor Statistics expects slower-than-average job growth between 2006 and 2016. The mechanical engineering jobs have the most flexible setting since it can deal with just about anything. But you want to be in a place with a lot of manufacturing job opportunities. SalaryEntry-level mechanical engineers with a bachelors degrees earned average annual starting salaries of $58,600. In 2012 women earned more in there entry level jobs, but as men with 4 years of experience make $64,880, when women make $63,732. So as this show with more years of experience go on men made more money than women. 80.2 percent of made as much as the average woman made in 2012 $76,984. Also in addition to experience come promotion and with promotion come a greater salary.EducationSome universities that offer the programs are Florida State and Marquette. Some advantages of going to these schools are that they have sport teams and they have very little English requirements, and they have great reputations. Disadvantages of going to the schools is that they are large schools and does not give much help if you are in need of it, also they are both very expensive over 30 thousand a year.At Florida State over 60% of your courses you take are related to engineering ranging from thermodynamics and thermo fluids to learning the basics of engineering. You also are suggested to take physics along with calculus III. Marquette university is about the same thing they want you to take 70% engineer related course but with the courses they want you to take is a range of materials how stuff works type of engineering. They also want you to take a philosophy course and a lot more electives.

What Is Leadership? Defining Leadership Qualities

Defining Leadership through the issue vitamin D Leadership is a difficult term to define. In literal definition, it means the attain of leading a grouping of people or an organization. However, that is a very prosaic definition. What qualities make up the action of leading a group of people or an organization? One way to find out is to observe the qualities possessed by leaders themselves. The dowry 500 is an annual rank of Americas largest corporations. At the very head of each one of these 500 corporations is a single individual called a Chief Executive Officer, or chief executive officer.The CEO is in charge of all of the main responsibilities of the corporation. So it is no doubt that CEOs are leaders the CEOs of the Fortune 500 lead millions of employees and large scale business decisions everyday. As number two on the Fortune 500 list, Walmart is regarded as one of the very first gear big businesses to ever go multinational. The statistics on Walmart are astonishing hous ing more than two million full-time employees, boasting a whopping $405 one million million million in revenue last year and owning more than 8,500 stores worldwide.Beginning as a small business investment, it is no doubt that the Walmart corporation took someone with a imagery to develop its domination in the business world. Not only did it take a vision, scarce someone audacious, reliable and empowering enough to execute such a large dream. In 1962, small business owner Sam Walton opened the very first Walmart in Rogers, Arkansas. The strategy of the business was one the world had not seen yet before a chain discount store. Within just five years, it had expanded to 24 stores, and by 1968, it had went multistate.That was just the beginning of the Walmart rise to reign. hardly what qualities did Sam have to build such an empire? Many claims Walton was very inquisitive and open to criticism of his business in order to improve it he was constantly concerned about the customer and looking to improve. Walton was also optimistic his positivity bred grounds for happy employeesgaining the willpower of each individual. Walton was also clever, learning from his competitors and beholding how he could use the skills he had seen to advance his own business.Today, Walmart is one of the largest corportations in the world thanks to its first CEO, Sam Walton. Walmart also gives back to its community In 2011, Walmart and the Walmart Foundation gave $958. 9 million in cash and in-kind contributions around the world. Rising above Walmart this year for number one on the list of the Fortune 500 is ExxonMobil. Over the last 125 years, ExxonMobil has went from a kerosene distributor of the US to the largest publicly traded pet useum enterprise of the world. Their leadership strategies date back to its founding, with the Rockefellers oil industry.The Rockefellers were one of the biggest and first U. S. businesses back in the age of the industrial revolution. ExxonMobil has und erwent several name changes and through many CEOs to get to its standing in todays 1 place in the market. So how does Rex Tillerson handle it all? Many report Tillerson as optimistic, clear and confident. He has been working with ExxonMobil for oer thirty years, so it is apparent that he is consistent and persistent with his business as he deals with a fluctuating market.Communication also plays a major role in Tillersons leadership style. What we support is continued efforts to understand the problem better. We need to work harder on articulating our views, and were going to try to do better at that in the future, Rex has said. Rex understands the importance of communicating within his company with his employees as well as potential investors. Not only is Tillerson a great business titan, but like Walmart, he gives back to his community.Through the work of Tillersons leadership, ExxonMobil is involved with many groups and organizations including his involvement of many organization s including Alpha Phi Omega, the United Negro College Fund, and the Boy Scouts of America. Allergan is ranked 457 on the Fortune 500 list, but do not be fooled by this number it is by far the fastest growing corporation on the Fortune 500 list with a 155650. 0% change of profits from 2010 to 2011. David Pyott is the CEO of this pharmaceutical corporation and ranked 11 on Forbes list of CEOs.He joined in late 1998 and reconstructed the businesss strategy on worldwide operations. In June 2006, he was awarded the honor of Commander of the Most exquisite Order of the British Empire (CBE) by Her Majesty the Queen in acknowledgment of Pyotts contribution to British business excellence and management skills in the United States. Pyott holds leadership in many international boards as well as serves member in many international medical-related councils and organizations. Through this, he gains a keen view of the evolving world around him and applies this to his business.So it is of no doubt why Allergan can be seen as the fastest Fortune 500 under Pyotts leadership of just 13 years thus far. Allergan also has significant claims about its companying, stating Allergan, Inc. is a multi-specialty health care company focused on discovering, evolution and commercializing innovative pharmaceuticals, biologics and medical devices that enable people to live life to its greatest potential to see more clearly, move more freely, express themselves more fully. fix back directly to this mission statement is their insight for life program that gives developing countries access to medicine and healthcare. So what is a leader based on the qualities expressed by three of Americas top CEOs? Being a leader is beingness visionary, being communicative, being insightful, being clever, being open-minded, being persistent, being motivating, being smart, being hard-working and most of all, being caring and compassionate to those around you.

A Mir Kiss Essay

1. Evaluate simple and complex concepts of organizational behavior (OB) including the theoretical and practical elements. 2. Identify sanctioned managerial courses, roles, and skills and how they reach to the field of OB, including implications of environmental ch tout ensembleenges. 3. Understand the elements of diversity within a global organization and environment. 4. Discuss the foundations of individual behavior by dint of exploration in psychology including personality, perception, and interpersonal differences. 5.Illustrate understanding of impoverishment-based perspectives in motivation including Maslows hierarchy of needs, Alderfers ERG theory, and Hertzbergs dual-structure theory. 6. Illustrate understanding of process-based perspectives in motivation through the equity, expectancy, and reinforcement theories. 7. Explain how job design, work arrangements, and employee participation affect individual performance and job satisfaction. 8. Explain goal setting, performance management, and reward systems as they relate to total quality management efforts. 9.Discuss the nature of stress, managing stress and balancing work-life. 10. Demonstrate the understanding of how individuals make up teams and teams create an organization, and organizational effectiveness is dependent on each level. COURSE CONTENT Topical argonas of study include Individual behaviors Individual characteristics Group behaviors Personality differences Organizational behaviorsTeam diversity Needs-based motivational modelsOrganizational achiever Process-based motivational models REQUIRED TEXT & MATERIALS Title Organizational Behavior Author Steven McShane and Mary Ann Von GlinowEdition 2nd edition Publisher McGraw Hill-Primis ISBN 978-0-07-338122-0 How to Order Textbook/Materials entirely books and materials, unless otherwise noted, should be purchased from the Ivy technical school online bookshop. To vow the texts required for this class or whatever other descent, go to http-2// -3www-4. -5ivytech-6. -7bkstr-8. -9com-10. Students basis order every last(predicate) books and materials for all courses from this site regardless of whether it is an online or on-campus course. In the future, it is advised that students order textbooks and materials before the start of the semester.Students should use a copy of their course schedule to accurately order books and materials. Schedules can print a copy of their course schedule from Campus Connect at http//cc. ivytech. edu. Students who live in Indiana and surrounding states leave behind normally let their book order within one day from the time the book is shipped from the w behouse. Paying for overnight shipping on textbook orders from the bookstore is normally not a good use of money as it does not ensure overnight processing of the order it only ensures that once the book order has been processed, it leave behind be shipped out overnight.technical schoolnology Needs & Resources Because this is a web-based co urse, it is expected that all students who enroll in the course subscribe to Internet access and a basic understanding of computer use (e. g. , using e-mail, sending attachments via e-mail, using web browsers, using word processing software such as Microsoft Word). Also, it is expected that all students provide regularly check their Ivy tech e-mail accounts (located in Campus Connect) and/or chalkboard messages as indicated below. Within 48 hours is recommended. This is the PRIMARY method that the college will utilize to pertain students.Visit the Distance Learning Web site at http-11//-12www-13. -14ivytech-15. -16edu-17/-18distance-19/-20 for more information related to technology requirements for online courses. Check with the nearest campus bookstore for educational pricing if additional software is required for this course. COLLEGE POLICIES Academic Honesty Statement The College is committed to academic integrity in all its practices. The faculty nourish intellectual int egrity and a high standard of academic conduct. Activities that violate academic integrity undermine the quality and diminish the value of educational achievement. rip off on papers, tests, or other academic works is a violation of College rules. No student shall engage in behavior that, in the judgment of the teacher of the class, may be construed as cheating. This may include, but is not limited to, plagiarism or other forms of academic dishonesty such as the achievement without permission of tests or other academic materials and/or distribution of these materials and other academic work. This includes students who aid and abet as well as those who attempt such behavior. Copyright Statement Students shall adhere to the laws governing the use of copyrighted materials.They must insure that their activities comply with fair use and in no way infract on the copyright or other proprietary rights of others and that the materials used and developed at Ivy technical school Community Col lege contain nothing unlawful, unethical, or denigrative and do not constitute each violation of any right of privacy. ADA Statement Ivy Tech Community College seeks to provide reasonable accommodations for fit individuals with documented disabilities. If students need an accommodation because of a documented disability, entertain intimacy the blank space of Disability Support Services.COURSE POLICIES & PROCEDURES Due Dates & Deadlines The Syllabus and degree calendar are 2 important tools to help students understand the course, student and instructor expectations, and deadlines. Both documents can be found under the Start Here clit in the course within chalkboard. Students are required to submit work on time for a chance to receive mention. Deadlines for each week/ appointee are summarized on the course calendar. Students should check the calendar frequently for deadlines and to be aware of what to expect next. Deadlines are subject to change.Students are responsible for t imely engagement submission. Should a computer system or earnings go down, students must still turn in work in a timely manner. usurpt wait until the last minute. aim ahead by seeking alternative means for submitting work before needed. Local libraries and all Ivy Tech Community College campuses can coiffure as alternative resources. Contact the closest/most convenient campus or other public lab for schedules and Internet availability. not having access to the required software on a home or work computer is not a legitimate excuse for turning in homework late.Attendance Policy Dont Get Dropped from Class While it is important to be timely and on-schedule end-to-end any course, students need to be aware of an important college policy. Ivy Tech performs administrative drops for students who do not attend class early in the semester. Attendance in an online course is find out by whether a student has submitted work or not. Assignments may actually be due on another day (see cou rse calendar), but students need to turn in something worth points before the NSW deadline in order to avoid being dropped for non-attendance.To avoid being dropped for non-attendance, students must submit some assignment from the course calendar no later than 1159 p. m. Friday, March 22, EST. Am I Required to Come to a Campus for this Class? No, students do not have to come to campus for this course. There are no activities, labs, or assessments that require students to come to campus. Instructional Method This is an online distance-learning course. Each weeks assignments and readings are summarized on the Course Calendar, accessed from the Start Here button in Blackboard.It takes a great deal of discipline, self-motivation and effective time management skills to successfully complete an online course. Many students find it reformative to set aside specific times each week to work on course assignments. Grades All grades will be maintained in Blackboards online grade book. Student s are responsible to track their progress by referring to the online grade book. Make-Up Policy Late work (tests, case study reviews, parole board postings, group discussions, marketing project sections, etc. ) will not be accepted, except for the following circumstances.If you have a SERIOUS problem that can be documented/verified and that keeps you from submitting class work on time, please contact your Instructor immediately. The Instructor will determine if the seriousness of your problem warrants an exception to the late assignment rule. Late assignments will be assigned a grade of 0 unless you have received prior sycophancy from the Instructor. There are no make-ups for any class discussion boards. If you have throwned events (vacation, wedding, birth of a child, surgery, etc. ), you can work ahead on assignments with prior approval of the professor.In all cases, communion with the professor in advance is required. You are responsible for timely assignment submission. Shou ld your personal computer system or network go down, you must still turn in your work in a timely manner. Dont wait until the last minute plan ahead by seeking alternative means for submitting your work before you need to. Local libraries and all Ivy Tech Community College campuses can servicing as alternative resources. Contact your campus or other public lab for schedules and Internet availability.Not having access to the required software on your home or work computer is NOT a legitimate excuse for turning in homework late. Technical problems are NOT an excuse for late or missed assignments or exams. If you experience difficulty with email, posting on the discussion boards, attaching files, finding/submitting assignments, or exam administration on Blackboard, the problem can be readily resolved by contacting your instructor or technical support at Ivy Tech prior to the assignments due date. Plan ahead by seeking alternative means for submitting your work before the situation ari ses.Local libraries and all Ivy Tech Community College campuses can serve as alternative resources. Contact your campus or other public lab for schedules and Internet availability. There will not be any extra credit offered in this course, so it is very important to plan ahead and not miss any assignments. Last Day to Withdraw If a student wishes to withdraw from this course, students are responsible for completing an official withdrawal form with the registrar. The last day to withdraw from this course is April 27, 2013. Right of Revision.The college reserves the right to change any statements, policies or scheduling as necessary. Students will be informed promptly of any and all changes. COURSE COMMUNICATION Instructor Commitment Ivy Tech Community College instructors are committed to responding to students within two business days. If a student sends communication, but does not receive a response, they should double-check that the correct communication method was used and that th e correct location is being checked for a reply. Students can contact their local Distance Education Support with questions.NOTE Messages are very different from Email. Students should carefully review the information below to ensure they are sending and receiving course communication properly. Messages all students must use the messages function of the course for course-related communications. Using messages, students can send and receive information from within the course. Messages can only be sent and received from within the course in Blackboard. Please check messages frequently. To access messages (send and receive) 1. Log into Blackboard & enter the course. 2. Click on Communication & Tools, then Messages.3. There are two folders Inbox and Sent. The Inbox folder will contain all received messages (so look there for messages from the instructor or other students). The Sent folder will contain sent. 4. At the top left wing corner, above the folders, is the button to start a Cre ate Message. 5. After clicking on Create Message, clicking on the To button students can select the name of the person to write. practice the right-facing arrow to move the person into the recipient box. 6. Then, type a message and click on the Submit button when ready to send it. ASSIGNMENTS & GRADING.Methods of Evaluation mooring Study Assignments (200 points 2 coke points each) Two case study exercises will be required. The case study assignments are designed to introduce, review, and further explore issues in the class. reciprocation gameboards (250 points 10 25 points each) During the course, an online discussion forum will be developed to further explore topics addressed in the assigned readings. Students will be required to post one response to the instructor posted question. As a student, you will be required to respond to one additional color to one of your fellow classmates.Responses are required to be grounded in academic material, especially the required readings . Each discussion board session is worth a total of 25 points. Answers are required to be grounded in academic material, especially the required readings. All postings are graded, based on academic merit. Posts that do not refer to the course/lesson material or do not provide academic support will not receive any credit. Discussion plank Rubric and Guidelines are posted under the Resources button. testzes (400 points 10 40 points each) Students will be required to complete brief chapter quizzes that are objective in nature.The quizzes are designed to assist students in learning and reviewing chapter objectives. How is my grade calculated? Discussion Boards(8 at 25 points each)200 (25%) Case Study Exercises(2 at 100 points each)200 (25%) Quizzes(10 at 40 points each) 400 (50%) TOTAL800 (100%) *NO make-up or extra credit will be available at any time during the course. Grades will be calculated as total points earned according to the following scale. It is highly recommend that you monitor your own progress throughout the semester. Grades will be available weekly on Blackboard.Grading Scale90% 100%A 80% 89%B 70% 79%C 60% 69%D Below 60%F **Assignment/discussion grades will be posted one week aft(prenominal) the due date. ADDITIONAL SUPPORT Optional Campus Support Students are welcome to use the services and equipment available at the most convenient Ivy Tech Campus. Services include academic advising, equipment, libraries, and tutoring. Please locate the most convenient Ivy Tech campus by reviewing the information at http-21//-22ivytech-23. -24edu-25/-26campuses-27/-28.Library The Ivy Tech Library is available to students on- and off-campus, offeringfull text journals, books, and other resources essential for course assignments. The Library can be accessed from the Library tab in Blackboard or from the Library tab in Campus Connect. Click for Help Log into Blackboard at http//online. ivytech. edu and visit the Click for Help tab for information nearly co mputer downloads. This tab provides students with important computer information, including security software, viewer software for users without Microsoft products, adobe reader, flash player, java, and more.Disabilities ServicesStudents with questions or needs for disabilities support services should contact their local Disabilities Support Services director/coordinator. In the future, it is recommended that students contact Disabilities Support Services at least 30 days before the start of the semester. The contact information listed here is for the disabilities support director/coordinator at the instructors local campus. For information about disabilities support services at another campus, please visit http//ivytech. edu/dss/ or Campus Connect (http//cc.ivytech. edu).Disabilities Support Contact First NameMichelle Last NameLehman Phone Number765-269-5421 Email (Ivy Tech Email)mlehman16ivytech. edu Blackboard IM IDmlehman16 Office/Campus LocationIvy Hall Room 1323 Office HoursMo n- Thurs. 8am-5pm Fri 9am-5pm Course Calendar ReadingsAssignments/AssessmentsDue Date Week 1 3/18 3/24Session1 and 2Chapter 1 Introduction to the Field of Organizational Behavior- Discussion Board IntroductionInitial Post3/18Responses3/19Quizzes 1 & 2 3/24, 11 pm Chapter 2 Individual.Behavior, Personality and ValuesDiscussion Board 2 READ ONLY Chapter 1 & 2 QuizQuizzes 1 & 2 3/24, 11 pm Week 23/25- 3/31Session3 and 4Chapter 3 -Perception and Learning in Organizations- Discussion Board 3- Chapter 3 Quiz Initial Post3/25Responses 3/27 Quiz 3/31, 11 pmCase Study3/31, 11 pm Discussion Board 4 READ ONLYCase Study 1 Case Study 13/31, 11 pm Week 3 4/1 4/7Session5 and 6Chapter 4 Workplace Emotions, Attitudes and Stress Discussion Board 5- Chapter 4 Quiz-Chapter 5 Quiz Initial Post4/01Responses 4/4 Quiz 4 4/7, 11 pmQuiz 5 4/7, 11 pm Chapter 5 Employee MotivationFoundations and PracticesDiscussion Board 6 READ ONLY- Chapter 5 QuizQuiz 5 4/7, 11 pm Week 44/8 4/14Session7 and 8Chap ter 6 Decision Making and CreativityDiscussion Board 7- Chapter 6 Quiz-Chapter 7 QuizInitial Post4/8Responses 4/11 Quiz 6 4/14, 11 pmQuiz 7 4/14, 11 pm Chapter 7 Team DynamicsDiscussion Board 8 READ ONLYQuiz 7 4/14, 11 pm Week 54/15 4/21Session 9 and 10Chapter 8 Communicating in Teams and Organizations- Chapter 8 & 9 QuizDiscussion Board 9Initial Post4/15Responses 4/19Quiz 8 4/21, 11 pmQuiz 9 4/21, 11 pmChapter 9 Power and Influence in the Workplace- Discussion Board 10 READ ONLY- Chapter 9 QuizQuiz 9 4/21, 11 pm Week 64/22 4/28Session11 and 12Chapter 10 Conflict Management - Discussion Board 11- Chapter 10 QuizCase Study 2Initial Post4/22Responses 4/25Quiz 10 4/28, 11 pmCase Study 4/28, 11 pm Discussion Board 12 READ ONLYCase Study 2Week 74/29 5/05Session13 and 14Chapter 11 Leadership in OrganizationalChapter 12 Organizational Structure Discussion Board 13Chapter 11 & 12 QuizInitial Post4/29Responses 5/02Quizzes 11 and 12 5/05, 11 pm Chapter 13 Organizational CultureDi scussion Board 14 READ ONLYQuiz 12 5/05 Week 85/06 5/10Session15 and 16Chapter 14- Organizational Change- Discussion Board 15 READ ONLY- Discussion Board 16 Chapter 13& 14 Quiz Board 16 Initial Post5/06Responses 5/10, 11 pmQuizzes 13 & 14 5/10, 11 pm Session16Discussion Board 165/10 -0 https//online. ivytech. edu/webapps/blackboard/execute/courseMain? course_id=_340751_1 -1 mailtolaf-distance-edlists. ivytech. edu.

Hum 176 Wk 2 Media Convergence Worksheet

University of Phoenix Material Media Convergence Worksheet Write brief 250- to 300-word answers to each of the following QuestionsAnswers What is meant by the term media intersection point with regard to technology, and how has it affected normal bearing? The term media convergence with regards to technology is defined as a process of combining together the telecoms and computers and turning them into one electronic or digital form.The media convergence has affected our everyday deportment as we know it in many styles, you clear now watch television shows, listen to music and shop online victimization your computer all without leaving the privacy of your home. Using the computer you can also communicate victimization the email, or chat option on the computer, eliminating the need to call from your phone. Face record is another option that allows you to keep up with friends and family, while knowing where they be at all times.The internet is a multitasking piece of equipment that has replaced many forms of communications. securely back books have been replaced with e-books, which can be electronically downloaded from your computer. The way we watch television has also changed, there are so many things that we can do through the television. You can program your home lights and alarms from you cell phone through the television. You can also communicate through you television to others, replacing the need for a telephone.The television and the internet are just two examples of media convergence, that has changed the way we shop, communicate, listen to music, watch the news and educate ourselves, it can all be done using the computer and connecting to the internet. People actually live on the internet and are becoming less social, because there is no need to leave their home for anything. What is meant by the term media convergence with regard to business, and how has it affected everyday life?The term media convergence in regards to business is the combin ation of computing and information processing with telecommunication networks provided from magazines, music, and entertainment programs. This converging links computing, communications and content. An example would be content that has been changed through different forms of delivery, digital forms are transmitted through broadband or wireless for viewing on computer s or similar equipment, cell phones, personal digital assistants, to video recorders that connected to television (technology).Business industries (media, technology, and telecommunication) have combine and developed new ideas that can increase profit from the consumers growing need for on demand content. Many analysts view media convergence as stop of the old media and rise of the new media (industry). roughly of the many changes that have affected our lives as a result of media convergences in the business industry are the way we view information, the way we do everyday tasks and our value system.As a result we now have PDA or personal digital assistants this device is a portable electronic notebook/computer that store information, keeps notes, addresses, reminders, and has a calendar. It is a mini computer that allows you to everything that you can do with a computer using a stylus rather than the keyboard. It fits in your pocket or purse and people rely on this device in order to function in everyday life. The smartphone is also a device that people rely on and they could not perform simple duties without it.You can text, email, chat, shop, watch movies, play games, use face book and twitter all from the smart phone. This eliminates a one on one discussion with a friend or family member and takes away the personal hint of body language and having face to face conversation. What are some of the issues that result from wagerency on modern media? Describe at least three issues. Some of the issues that result from settlement on modern media are the increase of becoming withdrawn from society , the loss of social skills and personal relationships with friends, family and other loved ones.Another issue that can arise as a result of dependency is the chance of becoming what is known as a media junkie where the modern media takes preference over anything else (losing dissemble with reality). The cell phone has taken away our ability to seemlyly communicate with each other by using slang and abbreviations in place of proper English. People are becoming less active, less visible, and trusting with each other. Studies have shown that gamers or people who play games (game tournaments) over the internet for hours and hours without stopping are likely to lose social skills.People with addictions or dependency on modern media are similar to those of a drug addict. It has been shown to produce distress and isolation in many people who are deprived from these devices. I think that this a major concern for parents of students and this younger generation. Dependency on modern media has caused up to depend on smartphones to tell time rather than wearing a watch. We text each other to communicate rather than using the phone to talk, and as contend to watching the new we go to face book for the latest information, replacing the family time together watching television.These are just a few examples of the issues that results from the dependency on modern media. How does media literacy help with responsible media consumption? Media literacy helps individuals develop an informed understanding the nature of mass media. This awareness will prepare you to make wiser end concerning issues that are facing our society, results of dependency, promotion of unacceptable behavior and exploiting personal problems for profit and other serious problems that can arise as a result of media consumption.The total of available information is overwhelming and media purposely promotes dangerous stunts, violence, even pornography. The media impacts our society through this informatio n and degrades our moral values, social values, and integrity. Media has shaped the way we live, think, communicate and our life styles. We have cars that can park themselves, we speed date, we date online, from relationships online, and the media has played a role in all of it. Media consumption is important to prevent us from locomote into the snare of becoming isolated and less social.

Mining Industry Overview

moing? Industry? Overview? Boyi? Xie? March? 5,? 2012? Michael? Porters? Five? Forces? Outline? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Products? Suppliers/Customers? Industry? Compe? tors? Cost? Revenue? &? pro? t? Overall? trends? Other? factors? Products? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? aluminium? Copper? Lead? Zinc? Gold? Silver? Uranium? oxide? Diamonds? Stainless? Steel? Materials? Iron? Ore? burn? Aluminum? Zinc? Copper? Gold? Iron? ore? Diamond? Marketing? &? Customers? ? Marke? ng? centers? of? mining? companies? ? Sell? products? at? the? some? advantageous? price? to? make? the? most? of? their? intrinsic? value? ? Act? as? a? source? of? specialist? exper? se? ? Iden? fy? value? opportuni? es? ? Customer? service? ? Technical? assistance? ? Transporta? on,? e. g.? BHP? Shipping,? Rio? Tinto? devil dog? ? Customers? ? Jewelry? makers.? E. g.? gold,? silver? and? diamonds? ? Manufacturing/construc? on? companies.? ? E. g? Hyundai? Steel? ? Government? ? Other? retailers? BHP? Billiton? ? BHP? Billiton? i s? a? global? mining,? oil? and? gas? company? headquartered? in? Melbourne,? Australia? and? with? a? major? management? o? ce? in? London,? UK.? It? is? the? knowledge domains? largest? mining? company? measured? by? evenue.? ? BHP? Billiton? was? created? in? 2001? through? the? merger? of? the? Australian? low-toned? Hill? Proprietary? Company? modified? (BHP)? and? the? Anglo? Dutch? Billiton? plc.? (Billiton? origins? stretch? back? to? 1860)? ? It? is? straight off? a? dual? listed? company? in? Australian? Securi? es? switch? and? London? Stock? Exchange.? ? It? operates? a? wide? variety? of? mining? and? treat? opera? ons? in? 25? countries,? employing? approximately? 41,000? people.? ? It? has? opera? ons? on? aluminum,? diamonds,? atomic number 26? ore,? petroleum,? spotless? steel,? uranium,? etc.? ? Mines? in? Algeria,?Australia,? Brazil,? Canada,? South? Africa,? USA? Rio? Tinto? ? Rio? Tinto,? now? headquartered? in? London,? UK? (and? Brisbane,? Australia), ? was? founded? in? 1873,? when? a? mul? na? onal? consor? um? of? investors? purchased? a? tap? complex? on? the? Rio? Tinto? river,? in? Huelva,? Spain.? ? It? is? now? a? dual? listed? company? in? Australian? Securi? es? Exchange? and? London? Stock? Exchange.? ? It? is? one? the? world? leaders? in? the? produc? on? of? aluminum,? put right? ore,? copper,? uranium,? coal? and? diamonds.? ? It? also? has? signi? cant? opera? ons? in? re? ning,? par? cularly? for? e? ning? bauxite? and? iron? ore.? ? It? has? opera? ons? on? six? con? nents? but? is? in the main? concentrated? in? Australia? and? Canada.? Vale? ? Vale? is? a? Brazilian? mul? na? onal? diversi? ed? metals? and? mining? corpora? on? and? one? of? the? largest? logis? cs? operators? in? Brazil.? ? Its? the? largest? producers? of? iron? ore,? pellets,? and? second? largest? nickel? other? products? include? manganese,? ferroalloys,? copper,? bauxite,? aluminum.? ? Its? listed? on? stock? exchanges? of? Sao? Paulo ,? New? York,? Paris,? Hong? Kong? and? Madrid.? ? Its? also? the? corpora? on? with? the? ost? contempt? for? the? environment? and? human? rights? and? was? named? worlds? most? evil? company.? 8+8+&%*1(9+8$)%. $%*1+08+2$,%01%1209$/31/(%0$% 1. $/44%(/$06%)%*1+)2($/%)$*01/)%,$9$+,+0%1+% ,$(+,%3/1(%,$. $419$,%$*1+1(8$)%)0/2&&4$,%01% /$*1. $/%A84$%0$%8+,2)0/5%? )%80%/,%75%0$%&4174% *. 3. ,)3 % %8)7 2)3174. +%)0. 9+),+)&0+)+&$) +,%&1+$%7$51+,% Global? Indices? Global indices (February 1989=1) 9 ? Mining? companies? have? con? nued? to? outperform? the? overall? market.? ? While? the? industry? was? hit? hard? by? the? global nancial? crisis,? mining? ompanies? have? led? the? return? and? gone? beyond. 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 Dow Jones FTSE HSBC Global Mining advocator Source Bloomberg. BCDC%)? %/$4%0$+)81+%8+%0$%(/$0%)%&/1? 0% /$712+,$,6%133)$0%75%%+2(7$/%13%8+*8,$+0)%00%$90% Global? Indices? $%&()*+)*,-. %)/0 -. $/%0$%*12/)$%1 3%0$%4)0%5$/6%&4174%$*1+1(8*%+,% 914808*4%0/$+,)%. $%*+&$,%0$%8+,2)0/5%$%(8+8+&% $%&()*%) &%+,-) ). )+/)+. ). )&0++) %)1)&$ 2) 7*%$*081+)%? 84$%)29945%/$(8+)%*1+)0/8+$,6% ?80%*44$+&$)%)2*%)%,$*48+8+&%&/,$%+,%(1/$% $(10$%41*081+)%$%*1)0%*2/. $%)%)830$,%296% *1+08+28+&%01%920%9/$))2/$%1+%0$%8+,2)0/5%01%(8+08+% *. 3. ,) %3 4, +5)6+/)4,. (+%). +)+7+2 2). )&0+) 8+,2)0/5%8)%/$*$8. 8+&%(1/$%00$+081+%3/1(%80)%(+5%+,% ./8$,%)0$14,$/)% $%&$&($)&*%+%8+%0$%(8+8+&% 8+,2)0/5 ? Emerging? countries? con? nued? to? storm? ahead,? with? demand? for? resources? driven? by? strong? GDP? growth,? including? close? to? 10%? growth? in? china. ? Mining? market? capitaliza? on? con? nued? to? rebound? in? 2010,? with? many? players? recovering? the? remaining? market? capitaliza? on? lost? uring? the? global nancial? crisis? and? surpassing? the? level? seen? at? the? end? of? 2007.? 1%/+)*,-(%,23 8+8+&%*1(9+8$)%. $%*1+08+2$,%01%1209$/31/(%0$% 1. $/44%(/$06%)%*1+)2($/%)$*01/)%,$9$+,+0%1+% ,$(+,%3/1(%,$. $ 419$,%$*1+1(8$)%)0/2&&4$,%01% /$*1. $/%A84$%0$%8+,2)0/5%? )%80%/,%75%0$%&4174% *. 3. ,)3 % %8)7 2)3174. +%)0. 9+),+)&0+)+&$) +,%&1+$%7$51+,% ? The? total? year? end? market? capitaliza? on? of? the? top? 40? companies? increased? by? 26%,? with? larger? gains? chiefly? achieved? by? the? smaller? companies. Global indices (February 1989=1) 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 Dow Jones FTSE HSBC Global Mining Index Source Bloomberg. BCDC%)? %/$4%0$+)81+%8+%0$%(/$0%)%&/1? 0% /$712+,$,6%133)$0%75%%+2(7$/%13%8+*8,$+0)%00%$90% *2081+%+,%/8)%1+%0$%&$+,%? ? . /$ 3 3/&+030. 3. 3$ A $$/%0* 3/&+030. A. /,+B $ Top 40 TS 100 250% 50 Coal India PotashCorp Barrick Gold FreeportMcMoRan Anglo American Xstrata China Shenhua 0 Rio Tinto 200% Vale ? The? big? get? bigger.? They? are? also? diversifying? in? other? direc? ons.? For? instance,? some? have? begun? exploring? the? bene? ts? f? ver? cal? integra? on? in? an? anempt? to? go steady? the? en? re? commodity? value? chain? ? from? coal? mining? to? steel? produc? on? to? power? genera? on.? 150 BHP Billiton ? New? entrant? Coal? India.? pursuit? its? IPO? in? October? 2010,? its? the? largest? new? entrant.? 5$&/ . 3 (. A( 3$ ($)3 150% 100% 2009 2010 Source Capital IQ. Note? EBITDA? earnings? before? interests,? taxes,? deprecia? on,? and? amor? za? on? 9%. 1. %&7%2-201$? ? & (3&*+. 23 5$&/ -. / 3$ 0*0*% 0*+2(3/57 R)/. (( 3$ . 1 G? 3$/$ A&( & 50% 0% Source B $%&($)%*+,-)&%&. $(%-. -. 0+&%1232%4$%)4%5$%567%5/$$%(0+$/)%89%90)&GH& 9? )*+A. +6),*5(*88/)8*0)A*+6), were? announced? during? the? B*5(=CB1481)/01*501)9/,01*+? D5*5 (2/. &$%2(emailprotected&. /%&01/2&%). &%**3/*%/&0%1/2&? /3/& ?rst? half? of? 2011.? .&7B(*C/3&C%)&7858&%). &577B&%). (* C/3& ? E. F60014,450. F)/,F)704A)$7. 5,4()/01*0 ? Deals? volumes? and? aggregate? (2/. &01/2&%/&7855&C/&$12(/2&4/%3&E&+,-&()&C/& . &JK? set? were? 10%? and? 25%? 1 80 ,000 3,000 Announced Date station Target Description Target Headquar ters Transaction Value (millions) Target ResourceType $%%&(%$)*+,*-. /. /012,*3 2011? 1H? Top? 10? Global? Mining? Deals Acquirer 01/28/2011 Massey Energy potentiometer Massey Energy Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary, A. T. Massey Coal Company, Inc. , produces, processes, and sells bituminous coal primarily in the linked States. unite States US$8,500 Coal Alpha Natural Resources, coordinated 04/24/2011 equinox Minerals modified Equinox Minerals Limited engages in the mining and geographic expedition of mineral properties. Australia C$7,300 Copper Barrick Gold Corporation Announced 01/11/2011 Date Target Consolidated Thompson Iron Mines Limited Target DescriptionConsolidated Thompson Iron Mines Limited, a mining company, engages in the exploration and development of mineral properties in Canada. Target Canada Headquarters Transaction C$4,900 Value (millions) Target Steel Resource Type Acquirer Cliffs Natural Resources Incorporated 05/02/2011 01/28/2011 US$3,400 US$8 ,500 Coal Coal Kazakhstan US$3,200 Zinc 04/24/2011 Equinox Minerals Limited Australia C$7,300 Copper 06/10/2011 01/11/2011 PT Bumi Resources Consolidated Thompson Minerals Tbk Iron Mines Limited International Coal Group, Inc. produces coal in northern and exchange Massey Energy Company, through States. owned subsidiary, A.T. Massey Appalachian regions of the join its wholly Coal Company, Inc. , produces, processes, and sells bituminous coal primarily iKazzinc JSC States. produces zinc with copper, precious metals, and lead n the fall in primarily credits in Kazakhstan. Equinox Minerals Limited engages in the mining and exploration of mineral properties. PT Bumi Resources Minerals Tbk, through its subsidiaries, engages in the Consolidated Thompson Iron Mines Limited, a mining Indonesia and in west exploration and development of mineral properties in company, engages in the exploration and development of mineral properties in Canada.Africa. joined States United States 04/14/2011 In ternational Coal Group, Massey Energy Incorporated Corporation KazzInc Indonesia Canada US$2,100 C$4,900 Diversi? ed Steel and Metals Mining 02/03/2011 05/02/2011 Fronteer Gold International Coal Group, Incorporated Incorporated Fronteer Gold Inc. engages in the acquisition, exploration, and development of International Coalproperties in producesthe United States, and Turkey. mineral resource Group, Inc. Canada, coal in northern and central Appalachian regions of the United States. Canada United StatesC$2,300 US$3,400 Gold Coal Arch Coal Alpha Natural Incorporated Resources, IGlencore ncorporated International p Barrick Gold Corporation Bumi plc Cliffs Natural Resources Incorporated Newmont Min Arch Coal Corporation Incorporated 04/14/2011 03/02/2011 KazzInc Companhia Brasileira de Metalurgia e Mineracao Kazzinc JSCBrasileira de Metalurgia ewith copper,engages in the extraction, Companhia primarily produces zinc Mineracao precious metals, and lead credits in Kazakhstan. processing, manufacture, and marketing of niobium-based products. Kazakhstan BrazilUS$3,200 US$1,950 Zinc Diversi? ed Metals and Mining 06/10/2011 PT Bumi Resources Minerals Tbk PT Bumi Resources Minerals Tbk, through its subsidiaries, engages in the exploration and development of mineral properties in Indonesia and in west Africa. Indonesia US$2,100 Diversi? ed Metals and Mining 02/03/2011 Fronteer Gold Incorporated Fronteer Gold Inc. engages in the acquisition, exploration, and development of mineral resource properties in Canada, the United States, and Turkey. Canada C$2,300 Gold 03/02/2011 Companhia Brasileira de Metalurgia e MineracaoCompanhia Brasileira de Metalurgia e Mineracao engages in the extraction, processing, manufacture, and marketing of niobium-based products. Brazil US$1,950 Diversi? ed Metals and Mining 06/22/2011 Vale Fertilizantes SA Vale Fertilizantes S. A. produces and supplies phosphate- and nitrogen- based inputs for the production of fertilisers and inputs for chemical companies in Brazil. Brazil US$1,390 Fertilisers and Agricultural Chemicals POSCO, Sojit Corporation, N Steel Corpora Holdings Inco Vale S. A. The japan Oil and Metals Na Corporation & Pension Servi 06/15/2011 Drummond Company, Inc. Colombian Mining Operations and Related infrastructure Drummond Companys, Colombian Mining Operations and Related Infrastructure comprises coal exploration properties with probable reserves of about 2 billion net tons. Colombia US$1,524 Coal Itochu Corpor 06/22/2011 Vale Fertilizantes SA Vale Fertilizantes S. A. produces and supplies phosphate- and nitrogen- based inputs for the production of fertilisers and inputs for chemical companies in Brazil. Brazil US$1,390 Fertilisers and Agricultural Vale S. A. Glencore Sojit POSCO, ICorporation, p nternational Steel Corpora Holdings Bumi plc IncoThe Japan Oi and Metals N Corporation & Pension Serv Newmont Min Corporation 2011? 1H? Top? 10? Global? Mining? Deals et ource Acquirer Acquirer Description Acquirer H eadquarters Transaction office (as at August 8, 2011) l Alpha Natural Resources, Incorporated Alpha Natural Resources, together with its subsidiaries, engages in the production, processing, and sale of coal in the United States. United States Closed per Barrick Gold Corporation Barrick Gold Corporation engages in the production and sale of gold, as well as related activities, such as exploration and mine development.Canada Closed l Cliffs Natural Resources Incorporated Cliffs Natural Resources, a mining and natural resources company, produces iron ore pellets, lump and ? nes iron ore, and metallurgical coal products. United States Closed l Arch Coal Incorporated Arch Coal engages in the production and sale of steam and metallurgical coal from surface and opposition mines located throughout the United States. United States Closed Glencore International plc Glencore International plc, together with its subsidiaries, engages in producing, sourcing, processing, re? ning, transporting, storing, ? ancing, and supplying commodities to industries worldwide. Switzerland Announced Bumi plc Bumi plc, through its subsidiaries, engages in the exploration, mining, and processing of coal and other minerals in Indonesia and West Africa. United Kingdom Announced Newmont Mining Corporation Newmont Mining, together with its subsidiaries, engages in the acquisition, exploration, and production of gold and copper properties. United States Closed POSCO, Sojitz Corporation, Nippon Steel Corporation, JFE Holdings Incorporated, The Japan Oil, Gas and Metals matter Corporation & National Pension ServiceJFE Holdings, Inc. , through its subsidiaries, engages in steel and engineering operations in Japan. JFE Holdings Inc. Japan Announced National Pension Service is a pension fund manager. National Pension Service South Korea rsi? ed als and ng rsi? ed als and ng Nippon Steel Corporation, through its subsidiaries, engages in the manufacture and sale of steel and related products in Jap an and internationally. Nippon Steel Corp. Japan POSCO South Korea Sojitz Corporation operates as a common trading company worldwide. Sojitz Corporation Japan Japan oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation provides ? ancial assistance, technology development, technical support, stockpiling, gathering/providing information, mine pollution control, and overseas ? eld survey services in Japan. ilisers POSCO engages in the manufacture and sale of steel products in South Korea and internationally. The Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation Japan Vale S. A. Vale S. A. engages in the exploration, production, and sale of basic metals in Brazil. Brazil Announced Itochu Corporation ITOCHU Corporation operates as a general trading company primarily in Japan and internationally. Japan Announced

The Validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve

The proper spend of the environment has become a controversial topic in frugalals. In both of James Be planchers lectures during the module, he outlined a critique of mainstream economicals currently governing nevertheless our policies, and presented several key thinkers In environmental economics. The huge potential for economic maturation through the using of the environment has been undeniable. Vital resources devour forever been and continue to be a necessary component of economic produce.But the environment in any case performs the essential function of supporting life. Needless to say, if humans impair the domains ability to agree life the consequences would be dire. And unfortunately, the very similar exploitation that provides us with crucial economic Inputs can also be the Instrument by which we impair the earths ability to support life. Beechen Insisted the world would have to alternate Its focus too more sustainable branch of economics. One constitution pr oposed by economists is to allow countries to economically grow out of environmentally damaging use.Looking at countries with already large economies, we see signs of environmental ordinance such as emissions standards, extensive recycling programs, and limited timber harvesting. The economists supporting a policy that ab initio allows for environmental degradation assert that If a bucolic can contact sufficient economic growth In a short catch of time consequently perhaps environmental trauma should be tolerated. A well-known possibleness providing support for a policy that emphasizes economic growth at the depreciate of environmental protection is the environmental Sunset curve (EKE) possibility.It posits that countries in the development process allow see their levels of environmental degradation increase until some Income threshold Is met and then afterwards decrease. If true, economic polices should allow extensive, although non necessarily absolute, use of the env ironment for growth purposes. But carrying out such policies involves intrinsical dangers. If developing countries finalise to overlook environmental protection by counting on rising incomes to abate environmental damage the consequences could be devastating.The or so pressing danger is that additional environmental degradation could cause some permanent and significant harm. This could choke before the predicted Income threshold Is met. The other c at a timern with counting on Incomes to reduce environmental damage Is that the EKE hypothesis could easily be incorrect and relying on its predictions would lead to consistently insufficient protection. This written report evaluates the validity of the EKE hypothesis and argues that it is not a sound basis for policy formation and Justification with so much at stake.The plan of the piece of music is as follows. arm II examines the basis for the EKE hypothesis and conditions chthonian which It may accurately predict a province s future environmental at the findings of these studies. Section IV identifies the inherent dangers in determining environmental policy based upon the EKE hypothesis. Some business organizations are relevant if the hypothesis does not hold and others are present even if it does prove a correct forecaster of environmental quality. Section V provides a conclusion.Section II The Concept of the Environmental Sunset Curve The EKE hypothesis asserts that countries will by nature move from relatively low environmentally degrading activity to highly degrading activity and then, once a true income threshold is achieved, will proceed to less degrading activity once again. This argument allows one to predict the relative level of environmental damage Ewing caused by a country by looking at GAP per capita. However, this prediction is relative to individual countries. In other words, each country has its own EKE, based upon resource endowment, social customs, etc. From which it progresses al ong relative to its GAP. A interpretical warning of the hypothesis helps illustrate the alter U shape of the relationship It is important to note that the theoretical EKE graph does not explicitly express time as a dimension and for this reason the use of the EKE hypothesis to Justify policy decision an action that by definition incorporates time would come out of the closet inadequate. Only by comparing two different countries can the inverted U shaped curve be derived as seen above. However each country possesses its own unique EKE and therefore each countrys policies should be organized accordingly.In prescribe for the graph to furnish an EKE, and thereby be valid as policy Justification, we must incorporate a time dimension. We find a time dimension along the x-axis. The EKE hypothesis assumes that changes in income per capita only occur over time. By including this supposition of changes in income inherently signifying time, the graph can now show an EKE for a specific country. The identification of a countrys particular EKE provides a basis for using it to influence policy. Possessing the theoretical exemplification by which the EKE hypothesis is used for economic policy we turn our focus to explaining why the inverted U shape exists.There are two primary explanations for the proposed shape of the EKE. The first examines the history of develop countries and the paths they took to achieve development. The routine reflects the changing preference for environmental quality as incomes rise. Historically, all developed countries economies were originally based upon agriculture, a enunciate that produced little environmental damage. Their economies later on switched to a much more environmentally damaging state that focused on industry and manufacturing. Two main factors lead to environmental damage that occurs during industrialization.First, the harmful by-products of mathematical product damage the environment. High levels of pollution and wate r contamination accompany the expansion of industry. The second factor is the increase consumption of natural resources. The extensive over-use of land, disforestation and mining of mountains is a form of environmental damage in and of itself. A common conclusion of this placement pattern is that Olds must pass through the same phases in order to regulations, Olds will be at an economic disadvantage compared to the already developed countries.Many Olds point to this competitory disadvantage when rejecting global environmental standards. The next stage of development saw industrial nations switching to service-based economies, a trend that all global GAP leaders tend towards. During this phase the income threshold of the Ekes for certain polluting substances appear to have been reached. According to the hypothesis, service-based economies are said to be able to avoid many another(prenominal) of the most environmentally damaging economic activities. In theory, environmental impacts also fall as a result of modify technology discovered in developed countries.In some cases technology leads to a more efficient use of inputs. Other technological advancements make it possible to restrict the harmful effects that economic activity have on the environment. The second reason that a high-income level can reduce environmental damage is by altering the demand for environmental quality. Known as the income effect, sufficiently high GAP per capita frequently leads individuals to place environmental quality above additional economic growth. The aggregation of these individual preferences plays an integral role in determining the income threshold.The EKE income threshold aggregates all environmentally damaging agents into a single numerical value. However, interpreted individually economists can place dollar values on the routine points of damaging agents. For example, in a 1997 news report by Cole, Earner and Bates, the authors found the turning point of CO and NON emis sions to be around $9,900 and $14,700, respectively. apply environmental quality preference as an explanation, the income threshold represents the income level per pita at which the preference for environmental quality outweighs the preference for additional income.This change in preference occurs on a public level, instead than a private one. Microeconomic decisions to support more environmentally friendly goods and services cannot account for the income effect. The dilute is instead a matter of public policy. The changes in environmental standards reflect political pressure on governments. According to the EKE hypothesis, changes to evolving economies and the individual preference for environmental quality combine to determine the income threshold. However, whether or not an inverted U shaped curve exists at all is still up for debate.Section Ill Evidence For and Against the EKE system Evidence regarding the EKE hypothesis is circumstantial and inconclusive. Most early studies that supported the hypothesis focused on a single damaging agent, such as a pollutant. Identifying key characteristics associated with agents that have been studied we find that only certain types of agents exhibit an EKE. Evidence supporting the EKE first began in 1994 when Selene and Song derived an EKE for baby. A later test in 1995 by economists Grossman also found SIS emissions to follow n EKE. They found a turning point between $4,000 and $6,000.Another early documentation of EKE support came from Theodore Pantaloon who found the turning point of deforestation to be $823. After the initial studies, other economists began to investigate the validity of the EKE hypothesis and found refuting evidence. In the 1997 paper by Cole, Earner and Bates, they found no EKE for traffic, nitrates or EKE rather, energy use per capita rose steadily with increase income. Evidence appears to support the EKE hypothesis only for a limited type of damaging agents. The emission of SIS is found in u rban waste areas and is thereby hardhearted by its locality.Deforestation also reflects a stain involving a specific location. Damaging agents that affect only a particular site tend to show Ekes. However, a damaging agent such as traffic is plain to see and also affects certain areas heavily. In this case the agent is dominated by a scale effect increased activity leads to increased environmental impact. While traffic-related pollution is generally iterated by population size, damaging agents such as energy production by-products increase with GAP per capita. Section lb. Dangers of the EKE Hypothesis in international developmentThere exist many dangers in allowing an economy to simply grow out of environmentally damaging activity. Some of these dangers arise because the EKE hypothesis does not hold true in all cases. Others exist even if we assume the hypothesis as an accurate predictor of environmental conditions. The following is a list of concerns regarding the EKE hypothesis l. It be inconclusive if most damaging agents follow the EKE. II. The threshold income may be irrelevantly high or the temporary period of increasing environmental damage too long. Ill.Any decrease in environmental damage seen in developed countries may reflect the exportation of production abroad and subsequent importation. IV. The absorptive capacity of our earth is unknown. V. Ekes may only exist in certain political ambiances. A detailed examination of the above concerns illustrates the inherent dangers in accepting the EKE hypothesis and afterwards using it to Justify policy making. As discussed above, only local and regional damaging agents show signs of Ekes. Other difficult to detect agents seem to increase with GAP per capita.This discovery leaves free-spoken to question whether more agents than not act to income increases. If there exist more agents that do not respond then attempting to grow past these impacts would be impossible. Many damaging agents may respond to i ncome levels, but not until GAP per capita approaches out-of-reach levels. If in a developed country, the turning point for a damaging agent is above, say, $50,000 then neglecting to react will create damage for a considerable amount of time. Over the time it takes to achieve the turning point, the environmental damage may become irreversible .Obviously, in a OLD the turning point value needs only to be considerably lower and still have the same adverse effects. Using solely the EKE hypothesis to Justify unsustainable growth is unwise, as the outcome still remains unknown. Another consideration that challenges the EKE evidence is that wealthy countries are massively importing products manufactured in Olds, thereby contributing to environmental degradation the only difference is that the degradation is not domestic. The first hypothesis to lend up this possibility was the Pollution Haven hypothesis.It states that developed countries export their high polluting industries to Olds who se governments have more wanton environmental standards. Many economists follow environmental regulations. However, this does not exclude the possibility of heavy industries existing in Olds and coincidently exporting their products to wealthy countries. In this case, wealthy countries only started along the downward slope on the EKE by domestically reducing environmental damage. When taken globally their increased consumption due to income may without doubt still be increasingly damaging.Another danger is that leaving the quality of our environment subject to economic activity, even for only a short period, may well prove to be disastrous. The ability of the earth to absorb the damaging agents produced by economic activity, called absorptive capacity, is not yet known. A final concern is that even if countries can achieve high levels of income per capita they may not possess a political atmosphere conducive to environmental protection. Assuming that the aggregate turning point in a country is reached, that country is not necessarily going to enact environmental protection.The most successful avenues for obtaining environmental quality, it seems, are lobbyists. Without a government that responds to political pressure by these public groups here is no reason to believe that its policies will reflect the demand for a cleaner environment, if such demand exists at all. Indeed, it also remains to be seen if all cultures place similar values on environmental quality. Section V Conclusion The questions and concerns intimately the EKE hypothesis examined in this paper raise significant doubt as to the wisdom of adopting environmental policy based upon the EKE hypothesis.Even assuming its validity, the EKE hypothesis generates considerable doubt as to its effectiveness at balancing economic growth with environmental protection. In order to effectively produce a critique of the EKE, the present paper assumes growth is still regarded as the sole goal of economic develo pment. The hypothesis indeed uses rising incomes as a factor of time. Calls however have been growing stronger for a shift of focus from economic growth towards well-being, equality and sustainability.

Explore Joe Gargery’s role in Great Expectations Essay

In Great Expectations, Joe crooks as a fetch figure to blister, when he is in fact his brother-in-law, as Joe married dashs sister, Mrs Joe Gargery.We are introduced to Joe as a mild, good-natured, sweet-tempered, easy-going, foolish, dear fellow. Pip describes him as a kind and temper man, making the subscribeer immediately handle him. Good-natured and sweet-tempered give Joe an endearing quality, so the reader is careworn to him. How invariably, foolish introduces a potenti entirelyy negative side to his character, like he is stupid, although this too could be considered endearing. perhaps Dickens does this so that we backside understand Joes actions better, or at least dont view him too negatively when he whoremastert shelter Pip from Mrs Joe.In c able to his gentle personality, he is a blacksmith, and therefore a strong man. Pip thinks of him like the steam-hammer, that can break a man or pat an egg shell. He is likening Joe to a machine in the forge, giving Joe a champion of power. Although, crush is quite a violent discussion, suggesting Joe to be violent, which he definitely is non. Perhaps Dickens included this detail to amaze us respect Joe, which is important for later on on in the original, so we dont clean view him as a sweet-tempered man. and there is a palpate of this good natured man in the tidings pat, it could potentially live with paternal connotations. Perhaps this links to the image of the egg shell as well, as it is a little(a) protector of life. Furthermore Joe could almost be conditionn as the protector of Pips life, as he saves him several times. Also egg shells can be strong, unless open weak sides if they are disgorge under stress, just like Joe has a weak side he cant protect Joe from Mrs Joe Gargery. As well as this, there is the idea that Joe is in control, in the words can and or, he can choose which side of himself to be, strong or gentle. This is a very adult concept, but Joe can sometimes be ve ry peasantlike.Joe cant deal with the idea of death, despite existence a strong blacksmith. When Pip asks Joe if send away Havisham died, he fifty-fiftytually replies she aint living. This is a very backward way of saying it, a way we dont normally use, video display Joes childish innocence. He avoids the subject of death again, when Pip asks him if he had heard of Magwitchs death. regular though Joe never knew him personally, he avoids saying the words, instead he says he heard something or some other in a general way in that direction. The vagueness of this statework forcet is almost humorous, he cant even just say yes. Joe is unable to confirm a persons death, he just brushes over the subject, not fully acknowledging or possibly understanding it, like a child would.Another way Dickens portrays this childishness is through making Joe ignorant. Pip writes him a letter, and all he can read is his name Why, heres three Js, and three Os, and three J-O, Joes, in it, Pip The exc lamation mark at the end implies he is excited and proud that he has managed to read, and that he is deficient Pip to recognise his achievement, like a child would want their father too. This childishness makes Joe a engaging character, the reader wants to see him do well. Perhaps it in addition makes Pips behaviour towards him seem worse, from the readers perspective, as Joe is such an innocent character.Whilst Joe may not deplete great knowledge or academic skills, he possesses something most of the other characters dont have, self-knowledge, he recognises he is illiterate and stupid. He tells Pip on two separate occasions that he is most awful torpid. He is accepting of himself, he knows he is not the cleverest, in fact awful suggests that he thinks he is very stupid. Moreover, dull could imply many things, not only that he is stupid, but also that he isnt sharp. Perhaps this is a reference to him being a black smith, that he is like cardinal of his hammers, only good for physically things, hes not sharp witted or clever. Dull could also intimate that he thinks he is boring, perhaps why he struggles to talk to, or be in the presence of people in a higher class to himself, because he considers himself boring and unworthy. But this obtuseness does not stop him from being wise.Through out(a) the novel, Joe gives Pip many pieces of advice, for example if you cant have to be oncommon through going straight, youll never get to do it through going crooked. Joe, even though he is perhaps the most uneducated character (shown in the wording of the sentence) he can sometimes be the most wise and honourable. Because of this he acts as a hidden role ride for Pip.Not only is he honourable and wise, he understands his place I am wrong out of the forge he tells Pip at their awkward reunion. Dickens suggests (through Joe) that people should stay in their class, and not aspire or try to move up he designates for social immobility. Joe tells Pip that if he ever cam e back to the forge hed see Joe the blacksmith, there, at the old anvil, in the old burnt apron, sticking to the old work. Joe labels himself the blacksmith implying that he believes it is all he is good at. The repetition of old makes him seem experienced, as he has been doing it a long time. There is also the idea that he clings or latches onto his work, in the word sticking, he fixes himself onto it so much that it has become how he defines himself.The fact that he feels himself wrong when not in the forge could be the reason why he cant talk to Miss Havisham Joepersisted in addressing me. It is like he cannot deal with the globeity of he occasion, as he feels he doesnt belong there. Dickens humiliates Joe here, presenting him as a shy and awkward character, making the reader sympathise with him. This is another(prenominal) negative quality, helping to balance out the character of Joe.Joe also stupefys it difficult to deal with Pip when he is a gentleman. When Pip is ill, and needing Joes help, Joe is happy to call him Pip and treat him like he did when he was younger. But as soon as Pip starts getting better and gaining strength, Joe reverts to calling him Sir I shall be happy fur to see you able, sir. This could show Joes insecurity, that when he is no longer true if Pip needs him, he becomes very polite, and address Pip as if he is in a higher class again.However, Joe does treat everyone equally, for example when Magwitch confesses about stealing the pie, Joe says that whatever he has done, we wouldnt have you starved to death for it, poor miserable fellow-creature. This shows how Joe views the world, and the people on it, that we are all of the same kind, and all have the same rights. As well as this, creature implies that Joe believes humans are animals, perhaps why he struggles with classes and formalities. This may relate to the fact that Joe never shows a real desire to learn to read or write, because he thinks we are animals that just do physic al things, such as make things, like a blacksmith does. Poor also implies that Joe sympathises with the convict, despite knowing it was his own fault that he is in the lay out he is in, showing that Joe is very tender, which the reader respects him for.Joe shows this forgiveness on a number of occasions, for example, when he tells Pip about his abusive father, and how he came after him and his mother. He tells Pip it was because his father were that good in his hart that he couldnt abear to be without us. One could argue that this was Joes innocent view on the world, and that he couldnt accept that someone would deliberately want to hurt someone else. But, more likely, it is Joe forgiving his father for what he did. Forgiveness (or the lack of it) is a common theme throughout the novel, but Joe seems to be one of the only one who offers it readily.Not only does Joe forgive his father for abusing him, but also Mrs Joe. He tells Pip that she is a fine figure of a woman. This is some what ironic as Mrs Joe has no feminine qualities, not even a female name. It also shows Joes respect, if not affection, for Mrs Joe, despite her treating him so badly. For example she regularly abuses him she knocked his head for a little while against the wall behind him. Joe puts up with her, although he could easily fight back. The image if almost comic, especially the phrase for a little while, it makes it legal like she is just casually doing it for the sake of it. It could also link to the phrase knock some sense into him, perhaps this is what Mrs Joe is trying to do? At any rate Joe is submissive, showing his selflessness, as he lets her do it so she doesnt hurt Pip as much (as he explains later). The reader pities Joe, as he is such a kind man, married to an abusive woman, who takes advantage of his kindness.Joe is very loyal to Pip, and is always there when he needs him. One of Joes catch-phrases is ever the best of friends. Ever shows his loyalty towards Pip, and gives a sense of stability, he gives Pip something to come back to. As if to prove this loyalty, he pays of Pips debts. This is such a big gesture as Joe is the poorest of all men. The moral and emotional image of debt appears a group throughout the novel, perhaps because debt was a personal issue for Dickens. His family were imprisoned for debt, therefore stopping Dickens education, and he bailed his father out many times. In the novel, Pip becomes Joes debtor, an image of ownership, like Joe owns Pip. One could argue that this was to do with Joes insecurity, and that he needs something solid to connect him to Pip. However, throughout the book, Joe has been completely selfless, so this act could just another example of Joes kindness. There are also ghostly overtones to this, he is doing a Christian deed.There are several religious links associated with Joe, for example, Joe takes in Pip a a child God bless the poor little child, theres room for him at the forge. This could be a reference to the Nativity story, when the innkeepers turn Mary away. Add this to the Christian deeds he does (like paying(a) off Pips debt), give Joe an almost saint-like quality. But Dickens needs to balance the character, differently we may just view him as a perfect religious figure and would then find it hard to view him as a realistic role mannequin for Pip. So Dickens makes Joe childish, innocent, illiterate and also includes some comedy moments.For example, when Joe has learned to write, he writes a letter to Biddy. Dickens writes this in a very comedic way, possibly overly so. Joe regularly dipped his pen into space, and seemed satisfied with the result, it is almost plaguy him. As well as this, it is written like a performance for Pip, but throughout the novel Joe has been the only one who cant act (e.g. he cant deal with formal situations and pretend to be something he is not) or pretend. So why does Dickens include these humorous expound? Possibly it could be to balance out J oe as a character, for if he was just a religious prophet, he would lose his power in the novel. Or alternatively, it could be to lighten the mood and relieve the tenseness between Pip and Joe. Or perhaps it is to show Joe fulfilling his mothers expectations, of Joe being a apprentice, to show that it can be done. This may provide hope for the reader, that Pip might be able to fulfill his own expectations eventually. Although that wouldnt explain why it is so over the top.Some characters only see this side of Joe, the awkward, clown-like side. Pip says that Jaggers recognised in Joe the village idiot and me his keeper. Jaggers doesnt understand Joe, he doesnt know about Joes forgiving, loyal nature, he just sees an idiot. This could be reinforcing our first macrocosm to Joe, where he is described as foolish. Again this could be to balance the character of Joe, rather then make the reader view him negatively, as we know Joe is a very wise character.Jaggers believes this because Jo e cries when he tells him about Pips expectations, and has to be comforted by Pip. Joe demonstrates many female tendencies throughout the novel, especially when he is lovingness for Pip at the end of the book, Joe had actually laid his head down on the pillow at my side. This is ironic considering his strength. Perhaps he is compensating for Mrs Joes lack of femininity, or he is filling in the initiative left by her death, showing Joe to be a father figure for Pip.Ultimately, Joe is the only true father to Pip, he gives him the wealth of his great nature, which is more than Magwitch ever did. He may not have a lot of money, but he is a true gentleman in character. Ironically, the poorest of all the men is the most gentlemanly. Moreover, Pip eventually comes to realise this there was a simple dignity in him. Now, whilst he is recognising Joes dignity, he doesnt sound very respectful. The tone sounds quite patronising, and simple implies stupidity.Overall, Joe is the only constant i n the book, he cant act, he cant pretend to be something he is not, he doesnt change for anyone whoever came about me, still settled down into Joe. Even the use of the word settled gives the idea of stability and constants, Joe is always there for Pip. He acts as a role model for Pip, and the other characters, even if they dont realise it. But he does have his negative qualities, he is childish and awkward. However, this gives him more power in the book, as the reader can relate to him, and not just view him as a religious saint-like figure.